Classification and Functions of Coating Additives-AIDESI ADDITIVE

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Classification and Functions of Coating Additives

Release Date:

2026-04-09

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Classification and Functions of Coating Additives

Additive In addition to film-forming substances, pigments, and solvents, coatings also contain small-quantity auxiliary materials that play a crucial role in determining coating performance; these are collectively referred to as additives. Coating additives assume an important role in both the coating manufacturing process and the achievement of desired performance characteristics. Small additives, big applications “According to expert statistics, coating additives can perform more than 30 functions in coatings, and any high-performance formulation will invariably incorporate several additives. Although the proportion of additives in the overall formulation is typically only a few percent—sometimes even as low as a few parts per thousand—their impact on coating and film performance is by no means negligible. In certain cases, additives play a decisive role.”

1. Classification by用途:

1. Some additives function during the manufacture of coatings, such as dispersants, defoamers, deaerators, emulsifiers, and catalysts.

2. Certain additives exert their functions during paint storage, such as thickeners, anti-settling agents, preservatives, rust inhibitors, and anti-skinning agents.

3. Some additives function during paint film drying (i.e., during application), such as leveling agents, anti-sagging agents, adhesion promoters, substrate wetting agents, driers, curing agents, conductive agents, and flame retardants, among others.

2. Classification based on the location and manner of action:

1. Surfactants: These additives contain adsorptive functional groups that enable them to exert their effects at or near interfaces, including wetting and dispersing agents, leveling agents, emulsifiers, anti-settling agents, defoamers, and surface treatment agents, among others.

2. Non-surfactant additives: These additives are incorporated into the paint film to enhance one or more specific performance characteristics, such as conductive agents, flame retardants, thickeners, curing agents, anti-settling agents, preservatives, matting agents, and plasticizers, among others.

3. Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects Among Additives

Each additive has its own specific function, but sometimes, when two or more coating additives are combined, they may exhibit “ To sabotage In such cases, appropriate selection and formulation can lead to synergistic effects and reduce the overall dosage of additives.

The roles and positions of coating additives at different stages are now summarized in the following table for clarity.

Name of Coating Additive	Phase of Effective Implementation	Position of function
Wetting agents, dispersants, and defoamers	Pigment grinding and coating production	Pigment-Filler Interface
Anti-settling agent, preservative, anti-crusting agent, thixotropic agent	Paint Storage and Transportation	In the medium
Rust inhibitor	Paint Storage and Transportation	Metal Interface
Emulsifier	Resin and emulsion polymerization	Monolith, Interface
Initiator, catalyst	Resin Synthesis	In a bulk polymerization reaction
Defoamer, leveling agent, anti-flocculation agent	Coating film formation	Interface
Stabilizer		Interface